Description: 極光是地球大氣中呈現的彌散的多變彩色光，主要出現在極地地區。在北半球被稱為北極光或極光，在南半球則稱為南極光。極光的顏色從綠白色到紅色，通常出現在大約100公裡的高度，形成圍繞地磁極的兩個不規則極光橢圓。當來自太陽風或日冕物質拋射的帶電粒子被地球磁層捕獲，並被上層大氣中的磁場集中到一起時，它們會沿著地球的磁場線向極地螺旋運動。帶電粒子與大氣中的原子和分子相互作用，產生極光的光芒。這種現象在太陽活動強烈時尤為顯著。極光還在太陽系的其他行星上被也會被觀測到，特別是在木星和土星上。

Related Terms:

磁極

太陽週期

太陽風

空間天氣

磁場

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